ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate whether oral motor performance is determinant for the hydration status and the effect of a supplemental oral fluid supply on salivary osmolality. METHODS: The sample consisted of 99 children with cerebral palsy aged 6 to 13 years old. In this study, children participated in 2-day evaluations: 1st day - baseline: saliva collection, caries experience and oral motor performance evaluations; and 2nd day: saliva collection after supplemental fluid supply. Prior to each evaluation, the participants were trained for saliva collection. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected using cotton roll at baseline, with the amount of fluid usually offered by caregivers, and 48 h after baseline, with as much as twice the normal daily fluid intake previously offered. Salivary osmolality was measured using a freezing point depression osmometer. Caries experience index for decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT) was evaluated. According to the Oral Motor Assessment Scale, the children were classified into subfunctional or functional groups. Chi-square, Student's t test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. RESULTS: The subfunctional group presented a higher percentage of quadriplegic children (p<0.001), with significantly higher values for caries experience (p<0.001) and salivary osmolality (p<0.001), which did not diminish when supplemental fluid supply was offered, compared with the functional group (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The effectiveness of oral motor performance plays an important role in the hydration status of children with cerebral palsy and those with worse oral motor performance may be at higher risk of oral diseases...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Cerebral Palsy , Fluid Therapy , Motor Skills Disorders , Muscle Spasticity , Osmolar ConcentrationABSTRACT
A DPOC é uma doença sistêmica que está associada com alteração da função pulmonar e disfunção dos músculos esqueléticos, que contribuem para a redução da tolerância ao exercício. Vários fatores contribuem para a redução da tolerância ao exercício, como inatividade física, uso de corticosteroides, tabagismo, desnutrição, deficiência de anabolizantes, inflamação sistêmica, estresse oxidativo e hipóxia. O cuidado ideal aos pacientes com DPOC geralmente requer a combinação de tratamentos farmacológicos e não farmacológicos. A reabilitação pulmonar é um tratamento abrangente e inclui treinamento físico,educação do paciente, oxigenoterapia, apoio psicossocial e intervenção nutricional. A reabilitação pulmonar tem demonstrado eficácia para melhorar a dispneia, a capacidade de exercício e a qualidade de vida. Devido ao elevado número de pacientes com DPOC e ao baixo número de centros de reabilitação pulmonar, um programa de reabilitação domiciliar temsido estudado e desenvolvido para aumentar o número de pacientes a serem tratados
Having recently been classified as a systemic disease, COPD is associated with impaired pulmonary function and skeletal muscle dysfunction, the combination of which results in low exercise tolerance. Many other factors also contribute to the reduction in exercise tolerance in COPD, including physical inactivity, corticosteroid use, smoking, malnutrition, deficienciesin anabolic hormones, systemic inflammation, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. The optimal care of patients with COPD typically requires a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive treatment that includes exercise training, patient education, psychosocial supportand nutritional intervention. Pulmo-nary rehabilitation has proven effective in reducing dyspnea, as well as in improving exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Due to the high number of COPD patients and to the low number of pulmonary rehabilitation centers, a home based rehabilitation program has been developed in order to increase the number of patients receiving such treatment
Subject(s)
Humans , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/rehabilitation , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Exercise Therapy , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Few studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of chronic diseases and its impact in individuals aged 40 years or over in Brazil. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of some common chronic diseases in the Brazilian subgroup assessed by the PLATINO study using a self-reported survey. A total of 918 individuals (55% women) with a mean age of 54.6 ± 10.9 years were evaluated. The most prevalent diseases were obesity (62.5%), hypertension (39.2%) and gastritis (30.9%). We conclude from this study that there is a high prevalence of chronic diseases in the population over 40 years of age: 88% of the population suffers from a minimum of one disease and 26% of the sample suffers from at least three diseases. We also observed that the number of comorbidities increases with age.
Poucos estudos foram desenvolvidos para determinar a prevalência de doenças crônicas e suas associações em indivíduos com mais de 40 anos de idade no Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a prevalência de algumas doenças crônicas altamente prevalentes no país, de modo autorreferido, avaliadas no Estudo PLATINO em São Paulo, em uma amostra de base populacional. Novecentos e dezoito indivíduos (55% mulheres) com média de idade de 54,6 ± 10,9 anos foram avaliados. As três doenças mais prevalentes foram obesidade (62,5%), hipertensão (39,2%) e gastrite (30,9%). Há uma alta prevalência de doenças crônicas na população acima de 40 anos: 88% da amostra apresentaram pelo menos uma doença e 26%, pelo menos, três doenças; e o número de doenças apresentava tendência a aumentar com a idade.